Computer Organization
计算机组成原理课程系统讲解计算机硬件系统的层次结构与工作原理。核心内容包括数据表示与运算、指令系统、中央处理器设计（数据通路与控制器）、存储器层次结构（Cache、主存、虚拟存储）、总线与输入输出系统、并行处理与流水线技术。课程帮助学生建立从门电路到完整计算机系统的整体认识，理解软硬件协同工作机制。
This course systematically covers the hierarchical structure and working principles of computer hardware. Topics include data representation and arithmetic, instruction sets, CPU design with datapath and control, memory hierarchy including cache, main memory, and virtual memory, buses, I/O systems, pipelining, and parallel processing. Students build a complete view from gates to computer systems and understand hardware-software cooperation.
学生需使用硬件描述语言（Verilog或VHDL）设计并实现一个支持基础指令集的单周期CPU。要求包含取指、译码、执行、访存、写回五个阶段，支持算术逻辑运算、访存、分支等不少于20条指令，并在仿真平台进行功能验证。交付物包括源代码、测试程序、仿真波形及设计报告。
Students design and implement a single-cycle CPU supporting a basic instruction set using Verilog or VHDL. Requirements include fetch, decode, execute, memory, and writeback stages, supporting at least 20 arithmetic, logic, memory, and branch instructions, with functional simulation. Deliverables include source code, test programs, simulation waveforms, and a design report.