Steps
Step 1
Vulnerability Analysis
This step conducts security requirements analysis and risk assessment, clarifying security objectives and scope of the System Security project. Security requirements analysis is the starting point of security projects, requiring identification of assets, threats and vulnerabilities, risk assessment and priority ranking. Systematically analyze security requirements through asset inventory, threat modeling (STRIDE), risk matrix and other methods. Develop security strategy and security objectives, providing basis for subsequent security design and implementation.
• Asset identification and classification: compile information asset inventory, classify and evaluate asset value, determine protection priority
• Threat modeling and risk analysis: use STRIDE method to identify threats, conduct vulnerability analysis, assess risk levels
• Security requirements definition: develop security objectives and security strategy, define security functional requirements and assurance requirements
Deliverable: Security requirements analysis report (asset inventory, threat modeling, risk assessment, security requirements) | Quality standard: Comprehensive risk identification, clear requirements, reasonable classification
Step 2
Exploitation
This step conducts security architecture design and security solution design for System Security. Security architecture design plans the security protection system from the overall level, ensuring systematic and coordinated security measures. Design defense-in-depth system covering network security, host security, application security, data security and other levels. Select appropriate security technologies and products, design security processes and management mechanisms. Use security frameworks (NIST CSF, ISO 27001) to guide design work.
• Security architecture design: design defense-in-depth architecture, define security domains and boundaries, design security control measures matrix
• Security technical solution: network security (firewall/IDS/IPS), identity authentication (SSO/MFA), encryption scheme (symmetric/asymmetric/Hash)
• Security management design: security organization, security processes, security policies, emergency response plan, security training program
Deliverable: Security design solution (security architecture, technical solution, management solution, deployment design) | Quality standard: Complete architecture, feasible solution, follows security best practices
Step 3
Defense Design
This step implements security measures and security configurations for System Security, putting security design into execution. Security implementation is a keystep of transforming security design into actual protection capabilities, requiring deployment and configuration strictly according to the design plan. Conduct security device configuration, security policy deployment, security tool installation and tuning. Implement principle of least privilege, defense-in-depth principle and secure-by-default principle. Ensure configurations meet standards through security baseline checks.
• Security device deployment and configuration: firewall policy configuration, IDS/IPS rule configuration, VPN deployment, WAF configuration
• System security hardening: OS security hardening (Linux/Windows), database security configuration, middleware security settings
• Identity and access management: user permission configuration, MFA deployment, audit log configuration, access control policy implementation
Deliverable: Security implementation records (configuration documents, deployment manual, security baseline check report) | Quality standard: Correct configuration, effective policies, passes baseline check
Step 4
System Hardening
This step conducts security testing and penetration testing for System Security, verifying effectiveness of security measures. Security testing is an important means of verifying protection capabilities, discovering security risks through simulated attacks and vulnerability scanning. Conduct vulnerability scanning, penetration testing, code audit, configuration audit and other tests. Use professional security tools (Nessus, Metasploit, Burp Suite, Wireshark) for detection and verification. Rate risks and provide remediation recommendations for discovered vulnerabilities.
• Vulnerability scanning and assessment: use Nessus/OpenVAS for system vulnerability scanning, use AWVS for web application scanning
• Penetration testing: execute OWASP Top 10 testing, use Burp Suite/Kali Linux toolset, write penetration test report
• Security audit and verification: code security audit, configuration audit, log audit, emergency response drill
Deliverable: Security test report (vulnerability list, risk rating, penetration test report, remediation recommendations) | Quality standard: Comprehensive testing, high-risk vulnerabilities discovered, actionable recommendations
Step 5
Comprehensive Report
This step conducts security operations and continuous improvement, establishing long-term security mechanism for System Security. Security is a continuous process, requiring establishment of closed-loop mechanism for security monitoring, emergency response, and continuous improvement. Deploy security monitoring and alerting system, establish security incident response process. Conduct regular security assessments and penetration tests, continuously optimize security measures. Establish security awareness training mechanism to improve overall security level.
• Security monitoring and alerting: deploy SIEM system (Splunk/ELK), configure security alert rules, establish 24x7 monitoring mechanism
• Emergency response: develop emergency plan, establish emergency response team, conduct emergency drills, perform security incident tracing and analysis
• Continuous improvement: regular security reviews, track security trends, update security policies, conduct security training and awareness education
Deliverable: Security operations system (monitoring system, emergency plan, improvement plan, training materials) | Quality standard: Sound mechanism, timely response, continuous improvement