Mechanics of Materials
材料力学研究固体材料在外力作用下的应力、应变与变形规律，是土木工程核心基础课。主要内容涵盖轴向拉压、剪切、扭转、弯曲四种基本变形，应力状态分析、强度理论、组合变形、压杆稳定以及能量方法等。课程强调理论推导与工程应用结合，培养学生对构件强度、刚度、稳定性进行计算与校核的能力，为结构设计提供力学依据。
Mechanics of Materials studies the stress, strain, and deformation of solid bodies under external loads, serving as a core foundation for civil engineering. Topics cover axial loading, shear, torsion, bending, stress-state analysis, strength theories, combined loading, column buckling, and energy methods. The course integrates theoretical derivation with engineering application, building students' ability to analyze strength, stiffness, and stability of structural members.
给定一跨度6米的简支钢梁，承受均布荷载与跨中集中荷载共同作用。学生需画出剪力图与弯矩图，确定危险截面，计算最大正应力与挠度，并依据规范校核其强度与刚度是否满足要求。最后提出截面优化方案，比较不同截面尺寸下的材料用量与变形情况。
Given a 6-meter simply supported steel beam under combined uniform and mid-span concentrated loads, students draw shear and bending moment diagrams, identify critical sections, compute maximum normal stress and deflection, and verify strength and stiffness against code requirements. An optimized section scheme is proposed, comparing material usage and deformation across different sections.