Basic Chemistry Laboratory
基础化学实验是化学专业的必修实验课程，与普通化学理论课同步开设。实验内容包括实验室安全知识、基本操作训练如称量、加热、溶解、过滤、蒸发、结晶、滴定等。实验项目涵盖溶液配制、酸碱滴定、氧化还原滴定、化学反应速率与化学平衡、盐类水解与沉淀平衡、物质的分离提纯、常见离子鉴定等。培养学生严谨的科学态度和实验技能。
Basic Chemistry Laboratory is a required experimental course for chemistry majors, offered concurrently with General Chemistry. Experiments cover lab safety, basic techniques including weighing, heating, dissolving, filtering, evaporating, crystallizing, and titration. Projects include solution preparation, acid-base titration, redox titration, reaction rates and equilibrium, salt hydrolysis and precipitation equilibrium, separation and purification, and common ion identification.
学生以粗食盐为原料，设计并完成一套完整的提纯实验方案。包括溶解、过滤除去不溶性杂质，通过加入沉淀剂除去钙镁硫酸根等离子，蒸发结晶得到精盐产品。对提纯后的产品进行质量检验，包括外观观察、pH测定、总硬度测定、氯离子含量测定等。计算产率和提纯效率，分析实验误差来源，提出改进建议，撰写完整的实验报告。
Students design and complete a full purification experiment using crude salt as raw material. Steps include dissolving, filtering to remove insoluble impurities, adding precipitants to remove calcium, magnesium, and sulfate ions, and evaporating to obtain purified salt crystals. Perform quality tests on the product including appearance, pH, total hardness, and chloride content. Calculate yield and purification efficiency, analyze error sources, propose improvements, and write a complete lab report.