托福
Test of English as a Foreign Language · 120 scale
美国 ETS 主办的英语能力测试，美本申请最广泛接受的语言成绩。
The TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language) is administered by Educational Testing Service (ETS) and is the most widely accepted English proficiency test for US undergraduate admission. It evaluates academic English skills across four communicative modes-reading, listening, speaking and writing-in tasks modeled on real university classroom situations. The current TOEFL iBT format is fully internet-delivered and accepted by more than 11,000 institutions worldwide.
| Administrator (主办方) | ETS (Educational Testing Service) |
| Score Range (分数) | 0-120 |
| Sections (科目) | Reading, Listening, Speaking, Writing |
| Duration (时长) | ~3 hours |
| Validity (有效期) | 2 years |
听说读写四科顺序进行，机考综合题型考查学术英语。
The TOEFL iBT consists of four sections taken in sequence: Reading (20 questions, ~35 min) on academic passages; Listening (28 questions, ~36 min) on lectures and conversations; a 10-minute break; Speaking (4 tasks, ~16 min) including independent and integrated tasks; and Writing (2 tasks, ~29 min) including an integrated writing task and an academic discussion task. The integrated tasks combine multiple skills, such as reading a passage, listening to a related lecture, then writing or speaking about both.
四科各 0-30 分，合计 0-120；多数美本要求 100+。
Each of the four sections is scored from 0 to 30, summing to a total of 0-120. Reading and Listening scores are determined by the number of correct answers, while Speaking and Writing are evaluated by both human raters and automated scoring systems. Competitive US undergraduate programs often expect a total of 100 or above, with sectional minimums of around 25, though requirements vary by institution.
考次密集，全年 50+ 场，可在 ETS 官网或考点注册。
The TOEFL iBT is offered more than 50 times per year at authorized test centers and via the Home Edition option in many regions. Registration is completed through the ETS website; test-takers may retake the exam as often as every 3 days, but no more than six times within a 12-month period. Official scores are posted online approximately 4-8 days after the test date.
熟悉综合题型，重点训练笔记与口语节奏，使用官方 TPO 模考。
Effective TOEFL preparation centers on mastering the integrated task format and academic vocabulary. Candidates should practice active note-taking during Listening, structure Speaking responses within the time limits, and use official TPO practice sets to build familiarity with the question types. Daily exposure to academic English through lectures, podcasts and journal articles accelerates improvement across all four sections.