Counterpoint
本课程研究多声部音乐中各独立旋律线之间的关系与结合原则。以巴赫风格为基础，系统讲授二声部至四声部的严格对位与自由对位技法，包括五种对位类型：一对一、一对二、一对四、切分音和装饰音对位。通过写作练习和分析巴赫等作曲家的复调作品，学生将掌握声部进行的独立性与协调性，理解模仿、卡农、赋格等复调形式，为复调音乐创作和分析奠定基础。
This course studies the relationships and combining principles of independent melodic lines in polyphonic music. Based on Bach's style, it systematically teaches strict and free counterpoint techniques from two to four voices, including the five species of counterpoint: note-against-note, two notes against one, four notes against one, syncopation, and florid counterpoint. Through writing exercises and analysis of polyphonic works by Bach and other composers, students master the independence and coordination of voice leading and understand imitative forms such as canon and fugue, laying the foundation for polyphonic composition and analysis.
创作一首三声部赋格曲，要求包含完整的呈示部（主题、答题、对题）、中间部（含转调与主题变形）和再现部。主题长度为4-8小节，需在各声部依次呈现。作品应运用模仿、紧接段、增值、减值等对位手法。同时分析巴赫《平均律钢琴曲集》中一首赋格的结构与对位技法，撰写分析报告说明其主题处理与声部关系。
Compose a three-voice fugue with complete exposition (subject, answer, countersubject), middle section (with modulation and subject transformation), and recapitulation. The subject should be 4-8 bars long and presented sequentially in each voice. The work should employ contrapuntal techniques such as imitation, stretto, augmentation, and diminution. Simultaneously analyze the structure and contrapuntal techniques of a fugue from Bach's Well-Tempered Clavier, writing a report explaining its subject treatment and voice relationships.