Molecular Biology
本课程从分子水平研究基因的结构、表达与调控机制。内容涵盖DNA复制、转录、翻译的分子机制，基因表达的转录水平和转录后水平调控，RNA的加工与功能，蛋白质的合成、修饰与降解，以及信号转导通路。重点介绍原核生物和真核生物基因表达调控的差异，染色质结构与表观遗传调控，以及分子生物学常用研究技术如PCR、分子克隆、核酸杂交、测序技术等，为深入理解生命活动的分子机制奠定基础。
This course studies gene structure, expression, and regulatory mechanisms at the molecular level. Topics include molecular mechanisms of DNA replication, transcription, and translation; transcriptional and post-transcriptional gene regulation; RNA processing and function; protein synthesis, modification, and degradation; and signal transduction pathways. Emphasis on differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic gene regulation, chromatin structure and epigenetic regulation, and common molecular biology techniques such as PCR, molecular cloning, nucleic acid hybridization, and sequencing.
学生需选择一个目标基因，设计从基因克隆到原核表达的完整实验方案。内容包括引物设计、PCR扩增策略、限制性内切酶选择与酶切方案、连接转化方法、重组子筛选鉴定、诱导表达条件优化及表达产物的检测分析。报告需包含详细的实验设计、预期结果、可能遇到的问题及解决方案，掌握分子克隆与蛋白表达的基本思路。
Students select a target gene and design a complete experimental protocol from gene cloning to prokaryotic expression. The project includes primer design, PCR amplification strategy, restriction enzyme selection and digestion protocol, ligation and transformation methods, recombinant screening and identification, induction expression condition optimization, and expression product detection analysis. The report includes detailed experimental design, expected results, potential problems and solutions.