Microbiology
本课程介绍微生物学的基本理论和实验技术，内容包括微生物的形态结构、生理生化、生长繁殖、遗传变异、分类鉴定，以及病毒、细菌、真菌、放线菌等各类微生物的特征。课程还涵盖微生物与人类健康的关系、感染与免疫、抗菌药物、微生物检验技术等医学微生物学内容，为临床微生物检验和感染防控奠定基础。
This course introduces fundamental theories and experimental techniques of microbiology. Topics include microbial morphology, physiology, growth, genetics, taxonomy, and characteristics of viruses, bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes. The course also covers medical microbiology including host-microbe interactions, infection and immunity, antimicrobial agents, and diagnostic microbiology techniques.
学生从土壤样品中分离培养细菌，通过稀释涂布平板法获得单菌落，观察菌落形态并进行革兰氏染色和显微镜观察。根据菌落特征、菌体形态和简单生理生化试验（如接触酶试验、糖发酵试验）对分离菌株进行初步分类鉴定，撰写实验报告，掌握微生物分离纯化和鉴定的基本技能。
Students isolate and culture bacteria from soil samples, obtain single colonies using dilution plating, observe colony morphology, and perform Gram staining and microscopic examination. Based on colony characteristics, cell morphology, and simple biochemical tests (catalase test, sugar fermentation), isolates are preliminarily identified, developing basic microbial isolation and identification skills.