Steps
Step 1
Occupational Hazard Identification and Occupational Health Survey Design
The core task of this step is to identify occupational hazards in the workplace and design a scientific occupational health survey plan. Comprehensively identify various occupational hazards from production processes, labor processes, and production environment.
• Occupational hazard identification: analyze chemical factors (dust, toxic substances, organic solvents, heavy metals), physical factors (noise, high temperature, vibration, ionizing radiation, non-ionizing radiation), biological factors (bacteria, viruses, fungi), ergonomic and psychosocial factors in production processes
• Occupational health survey design: determine survey type (cross-sectional, case-control, cohort, occupational health examination); select industries and job types; determine exposed and control populations; develop survey and testing plans
• Exposure assessment plan: determine exposure assessment methods (environmental monitoring, biomonitoring, questionnaire assessment, exposure index, occupational exposure classification); develop sampling strategy (personal sampling, area sampling); determine test indicators and sampling frequency
Deliverable: Occupational health survey design proposal (hazard identification checklist, survey plan, exposure assessment plan, testing plan) | Quality standard: Comprehensive and accurate hazard identification, scientific and reasonable survey design, appropriate exposure assessment methods
Step 2
Workplace Hazard Detection and Exposure Assessment
The core task of this step is to systematically detect concentrations/intensities of occupational hazards in the workplace and assess workers' exposure levels. Follow national occupational health standards and testing specifications.
• On-site detection and sampling: use dust samplers (total/respirable dust), air samplers, sound level meters, WBGT index meters, vibration meters for on-site testing; determine sampling points, time, and flow rates per GBZ standards
• Laboratory analysis: send collected samples to lab for analysis; use GC, LC, AAS, ICP-MS to determine hazardous substance concentrations; perform quality control (blank controls, parallel samples, spike recovery)
• Exposure assessment: calculate TWA, STEL, MAC; compare with occupational exposure limits (OELs); assess exceedance of exposure levels; draw exposure distribution maps
Deliverable: Workplace testing report (on-site testing records, lab analysis report, exposure assessment results, exceedance analysis) | Quality standard: Standard testing methods, accurate and reliable data, comprehensive QC, thorough exposure assessment
Step 3
Occupational Health Examination and Health Effect Assessment
The core task of this step is to conduct occupational health examinations for workers exposed to occupational hazards and assess health impacts. Perform pre-employment, during-employment, and post-employment exams per technical specifications.
• Occupational health examination: follow GBZ 188 technical specifications for occupational health surveillance; determine examination items for different hazards—chest X-ray and lung function for dust exposure, pure-tone audiometry for noise, blood/urine routine and liver/kidney function for toxic exposure, specialty exams for physical factors
• Health effect assessment: analyze health indicator differences between exposed and control populations; calculate incidence of occupational diseases, work-related diseases, subclinical damage; analyze dose-response relationship; determine occupational relevance of health damage
• Occupational disease diagnosis and reporting: perform occupational disease diagnosis for suspected cases (following diagnostic standards and procedures); establish occupational health surveillance files; report occupational diseases and suspected cases per regulations
Deliverable: Occupational health examination report (physical exam results summary, health effect analysis, occupational disease diagnosis report, health surveillance files) | Quality standard: Standard and complete physical exam items, scientific health effect analysis, accurate occupational disease diagnosis
Step 4
Occupational Health Risk Assessment and Control Measure Development
The core task of this step is to assess health risks of occupational hazards and develop comprehensive control measures including engineering controls, administrative controls, and personal protective equipment.
• Risk assessment: use risk matrix, semi-quantitative risk assessment model, or quantitative risk assessment (QRA); comprehensively consider hazard severity, exposure level, exposure duration, susceptibility; determine risk level (low/medium/high/very high)
• Control measure development: develop measures following hierarchy of controls—engineering controls (ventilation, enclosure, sound insulation, automation), administrative controls (SOPs, education/training, exposure time limits, health surveillance), personal protective equipment (dust masks, respirators, earplugs, protective clothing)
• Control effectiveness evaluation: predict and evaluate expected effectiveness of control measures; perform cost-effectiveness analysis; develop phased implementation plan; propose emergency rescue measures (first aid facilities, emergency equipment, emergency plans)
Deliverable: Occupational health risk assessment and control plan (risk assessment results, control measures list, implementation plan, emergency plan) | Quality standard: Scientific risk assessment methods, reasonable and effective control measures, feasible implementation plan
Step 5
Occupational Health Investigation Report Writing and OH&S Management System Establishment
The core task of this step is to write an occupational health investigation report and propose occupational health management system construction recommendations. Systematically summarize findings and assess enterprise occupational health status.
• Write investigation report: follow occupational health report standards, including enterprise overview, production process, hazard identification, testing results, health examination results, risk assessment, problem analysis, improvement recommendations; attach testing and health exam reports
• OH&S management system establishment: design occupational health and safety management system per GBZ/T 297 or ISO 45001; include policy objectives, organizational structure, management systems, operating procedures, emergency plans, training plans, file management
• Continuous improvement mechanism: establish regular occupational health inspection and evaluation system; develop continuous improvement plan; propose occupational disease prevention plan (3-year/5-year); establish monitoring, early warning, and health promotion mechanisms
Deliverable: Occupational health investigation report, OH&S management system documents (manual/procedures/work instructions), occupational disease prevention plan | Quality standard: Comprehensive and in-depth investigation report, scientific and standardized management system, effective continuous improvement mechanism