← 返回首页

业务流程管理

Business Process Management

课程介绍 Course Introduction

学分:3 | 先修课:系统分析与设计 | 学期:第5学期

业务流程管理课程讲授企业流程的识别、建模、分析、优化与自动化方法。主要内容包括BPM生命周期、BPMN 2.0建模规范、流程发现与现状梳理、流程绩效分析(瓶颈、周期、成本)、流程优化(精益、六西格玛)、BPMN系统与工作流引擎(Camunda、Activiti)、流程挖掘(Process Mining)与持续改进。培养学生系统化提升流程效率的能力。

Business Process Management covers methods for identifying, modeling, analyzing, optimizing, and automating enterprise processes. Topics include the BPM lifecycle, BPMN 2.0 modeling, process discovery, performance analysis (bottlenecks, cycle time, cost), optimization (Lean, Six Sigma), BPM suites and workflow engines (Camunda, Activiti), and process mining for continuous improvement, building systematic process optimization skills.

大作业 Final Project

作业标题:企业业务流程建模、优化与自动化实施

选择真实企业场景,使用BPMN 2.0完成流程建模、瓶颈分析与优化设计,并基于Camunda等工作流引擎实现流程自动化。提交完整的BPM生命周期分析报告与可运行原型。

Select a real enterprise scenario, model the process in BPMN 2.0, analyze bottlenecks, design optimizations, and automate the process using a workflow engine such as Camunda. Deliver a full BPM lifecycle report with a runnable prototype.

实施步骤 Implementation Steps

📋 示例:分析一个真实企业的业务流程,比如电商订单从下单到发货的全过程。你需要用BPMN画出流程图,找出瓶颈环节(比如库存核对耗时太长),提出优化方案并计算能节省多少时间。
步骤 1
流程发现与建模
本步骤进行项目启动与需求分析,明确业务流程管理项目的目标与范围。项目启动是项目管理的第一个阶段,需要明确项目愿景、目标与关键成功因素。进行干系人分析,识别项目的主要参与方及其需求。制定项目章程,获得项目授权。进行初步的范围定义与可行性分析,为后续规划奠定基础。

• 项目启动与目标定义:明确项目目标、业务价值、关键成功因素,制定项目章程
• 干系人分析:识别内部/外部干系人,分析其期望与影响力,制定干系人管理策略
• 可行性研究:技术可行性、经济可行性、时间可行性、风险分析,进行投资回报评估
产出:项目启动文档(含项目章程、干系人清单、可行性分析报告)| 质量标准:目标明确,授权清晰,分析充分
步骤 2
流程绩效分析
本步骤进行业务流程管理的项目规划与方案设计。项目规划是项目成功的关键,需要制定详细的项目管理计划。进行范围管理规划,创建WBS工作分解结构。制定进度计划、成本预算、质量计划、人力资源计划、沟通计划、风险管理计划、采购计划。使用甘特图、网络图、关键路径法等工具进行进度规划。

• 范围规划:创建WBS工作分解结构,定义范围基准,制定范围变更控制流程
• 进度与成本规划:制定进度计划(甘特图/网络图),估算成本(类比/参数/三点估算),制定预算基准
• 专项规划:质量计划、人力资源计划、沟通计划、风险管理计划(风险登记册)、采购计划
产出:项目管理计划(含范围/进度/成本/质量/风险等各分项计划)| 质量标准:计划完整,基线明确,可执行可监控
步骤 3
流程优化设计
本步骤进行项目执行与团队管理,推动业务流程管理项目按计划实施。项目执行是将计划转化为成果的阶段,需要有效协调资源与团队。进行团队建设与激励,确保团队高效协作。管理项目沟通,确保信息及时准确传递。执行采购管理,获取外部资源。按照计划实施项目活动,确保项目绩效符合预期。

• 团队管理与建设:组建项目团队,明确角色职责,进行团队建设与激励,处理冲突
• 沟通管理:建立沟通机制,召开项目会议(站会/周会/评审会),编写项目状态报告
• 执行与协调:按计划执行项目活动,协调资源,管理供应商,实施质量保证
产出:项目执行记录(含会议纪要、状态报告、交付物、变更记录)| 质量标准:执行有序,沟通顺畅,团队高效
步骤 4
工作流自动化
本步骤进行项目监控与变更控制,确保业务流程管理项目目标的实现。项目监控是跟踪、审查和调整项目进展与绩效的过程。通过挣值管理(EVM)等方法监控项目进度、成本、质量绩效。识别偏差,分析原因,采取纠正措施与预防措施。建立变更控制流程,管理范围变更与基线调整。进行风险监控,及时应对新出现的风险。

• 绩效监控:挣值管理(EVM)分析进度与成本偏差,质量检查,风险监控
• 变更控制:建立CCB变更控制委员会,评估变更影响,更新项目基准,控制范围蔓延
• 问题与风险管理:跟踪问题解决,监控风险状态,执行风险应对措施,更新风险登记册
产出:项目监控报告(含绩效报告、偏差分析、变更记录、风险状态)| 质量标准:监控及时,偏差可控,变更规范
步骤 5
流程挖掘与报告
本步骤进行项目收尾与经验总结,完成业务流程管理项目的最终交付。项目收尾是正式结束项目或阶段的过程,需要完成所有交付物的验收与移交。进行项目后评价,评估项目目标的达成情况。总结项目经验教训,形成组织过程资产。进行团队解散与表彰,完成合同收尾与行政收尾。良好的项目收尾是项目管理成熟度的重要体现。

• 验收与交付:客户验收交付物,移交产品/服务,完成合同收尾,结算项目款项
• 后评价与总结:项目目标达成评估,客户满意度调查,经验教训总结,最佳实践提炼
• 行政收尾:归档项目文档,释放资源,团队表彰与解散,完成最终报告
产出:项目收尾文档(含验收报告、总结报告、经验教训库、归档清单)| 质量标准:验收通过,总结深入,资产沉淀

Steps

Step 1
Process Discovery
This step conducts project initiation and requirements analysis, clarifying objectives and scope of the Business Process Management project. Project initiation is the first phase of project management, requiring clear project vision, objectives and key success factors. Conduct stakeholder analysis to identify key participants and their requirements. Develop project charter and obtain project authorization. Conduct preliminary scope definition and feasibility analysis, laying foundation for subsequent planning.

• Project initiation and objective definition: clarify project objectives, business value, key success factors, develop project charter
• Stakeholder analysis: identify internal/external stakeholders, analyze their expectations and influence, develop stakeholder management strategy
• Feasibility study: technical feasibility, economic feasibility, time feasibility, risk analysis, conduct ROI evaluation
Deliverable: Project initiation documents (project charter, stakeholder list, feasibility analysis report) | Quality standard: Clear objectives, clear authorization, sufficient analysis
Step 2
Performance Analysis
This step conducts project planning and solution design for Business Process Management. Project planning is key to project success, requiring development of detailed project management plan. Conduct scope management planning, create WBS work breakdown structure. Develop schedule plan, cost budget, quality plan, human resource plan, communication plan, risk management plan, procurement plan. Use Gantt charts, network diagrams, critical path method and other tools for schedule planning.

• Scope planning: create WBS work breakdown structure, define scope baseline, develop scope change control process
• Schedule and cost planning: develop schedule plan (Gantt chart/network diagram), estimate costs (analogous/parametric/three-point estimation), develop budget baseline
• Special planning: quality plan, human resource plan, communication plan, risk management plan (risk register), procurement plan
Deliverable: Project management plan (scope/schedule/cost/quality/risk etc. sub-plans) | Quality standard: Complete plan, clear baseline, executable and monitorable
Step 3
Process Optimization
This step conducts project execution and team management, driving Business Process Management project implementation according to plan. Project execution is the phase of transforming plans into results, requiring effective coordination of resources and team. Conduct team building and motivation to ensure efficient team collaboration. Manage project communication to ensure timely and accurate information delivery. Execute procurement management to acquire external resources. Implement project activities according to plan to ensure project performance meets expectations.

• Team management and building: form project team, clarify role responsibilities, conduct team building and motivation, handle conflicts
• Communication management: establish communication mechanism, hold project meetings (standups/weekly/reviews), write project status reports
• Execution and coordination: execute project activities according to plan, coordinate resources, manage vendors, implement quality assurance
Deliverable: Project execution records (meeting minutes, status reports, deliverables, change records) | Quality standard: Orderly execution, smooth communication, efficient team
Step 4
Workflow Automation
This step conducts project monitoring and change control, ensuring achievement of Business Process Management project objectives. Project monitoring is the process of tracking, reviewing and adjusting project progress and performance. Monitor project schedule, cost, quality performance through earned value management (EVM) and other methods. Identify deviations, analyze causes, take corrective and preventive actions. Establish change control process to manage scope changes and baseline adjustments. Conduct risk monitoring to timely respond to emerging risks.

• Performance monitoring: earned value management (EVM) analysis of schedule and cost variance, quality inspection, risk monitoring
• Change control: establish CCB change control board, assess change impact, update project baseline, control scope creep
• Issue and risk management: track issue resolution, monitor risk status, execute risk response measures, update risk register
Deliverable: Project monitoring report (performance report, variance analysis, change records, risk status) | Quality standard: Timely monitoring, controllable variance, standardized changes
Step 5
Mining & Reporting
This step conducts project closure and lessons learned, completing final delivery of the Business Process Management project. Project closure is the process of formally ending a project or phase, requiring completion of acceptance and handover of all deliverables. Conduct post-project evaluation to assess achievement of project objectives. Summarize project lessons learned, form organizational process assets. Conduct team release and recognition, complete contract closure and administrative closure. Good project closure is an important manifestation of project management maturity.

• Acceptance and delivery: customer acceptance of deliverables, handover product/service, complete contract closure, settle project payments
• Post-evaluation and summary: project objective achievement assessment, customer satisfaction survey, lessons learned summary, best practices extraction
• Administrative closure: archive project documents, release resources, team recognition and release, complete final report
Deliverable: Project closure documents (acceptance report, summary report, lessons learned repository, archive list) | Quality standard: Accepted, in-depth summary, knowledgeassets
← 返回信息系统 下一门:IT项目管理 → 🎲 Random Course
Prerequisites · International Exams · Contact · Back to top · Home