Historiography and Historical Methods
本课程介绍历史学的学科性质、主要理论流派与研究方法。内容包括历史哲学的基本问题、中国传统史学与西方史学的发展脉络、近现代史学流派（如实证主义史学、年鉴学派、马克思主义史学、新文化史、后现代史学等），以及史料学、史料考证、叙事分析等基本研究方法。学生将培养史学理论素养和批判性思维能力。
This course introduces the nature of history as a discipline, major theoretical schools, and research methods. Topics include fundamental questions of historical philosophy, the development of Chinese traditional historiography and Western historiography, modern historiographical schools (such as positivism, the Annales School, Marxist historiography, new cultural history, and postmodern history), as well as basic research methods including source criticism and narrative analysis.
作业分为两部分：第一部分为史学流派比较论文，选取两种史学理论流派进行比较分析，论述其理论前提、方法特征与学术贡献（约2000字）；第二部分为史料分析练习，选取一段原始史料进行考证与解读，展示史料分析的基本方法（约1500字）。总字数约3500字。
The assignment has two parts: Part one is a comparative essay on two historiographical schools, analyzing their theoretical premises, methodological characteristics, and scholarly contributions (approx. 2000 words). Part two is a source analysis exercise, examining and interpreting a primary historical source to demonstrate basic research methods (approx. 1500 words). Total length approximately 3500 words.